The article details five common signs that a hard disk drive (HDD) is failing:
If any of these signs occur, prioritize data backup using cloud storage or an external drive. Diagnose the problem using the built-in S.M.A.R.T. functionality (e.g., 'wmic diskdrive get model,status' in Windows, or Disk Utility in macOS) or third-party tools like 'CrystalDiskInfo' (Windows) or 'DriveDX' (macOS).
To prolong HDD lifespan, avoid exposing the computer to high temperatures or humidity, avoid moving the computer or external HDD while in use, regularly clean to prevent dust accumulation, and use surge protectors.