Colossal Biosciences announced the creation of three dire wolf pups, Romulus, Remus, and Khaleesi, marking a potential first in de-extinction. The company used genetic material from ancient dire wolf remains, editing the genome of gray wolf cells to align with the extinct species' DNA.
The process involved editing 14 genes responsible for dire wolf characteristics, including size and coat. Edited cells were then implanted into domestic dogs, resulting in successful births. The pups' behavior is reported to be wolf-like, not canine.
While Colossal's announcement generated excitement, details regarding the animals' resemblance to true dire wolves remain scarce. Independent scientific review of the company's methods is pending.
This project builds on Colossal's previous work, such as creating woolly mammoth-like mice. Their ultimate goal is to de-extinct additional species including the woolly mammoth and Tasmanian tiger, leveraging genetic engineering and surrogate mothers. They aim to use this technology to also help preserve existing endangered species.
The achievement raises questions about the ethical implications and potential of de-extinction. Though a milestone in genetic engineering, the created wolves aren't identical to their ancient counterparts, emphasizing the scientific nuances involved. The success also contrasts with previous de-extinction attempts such as the Spanish bucardo project which resulted in a short-lived offspring.