How the Indian Media Amplified Falsehoods in the Drumbeat of War - The New York Times


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Key Findings

The article highlights the spread of misinformation by Indian media during a recent military conflict with Pakistan. Many reports detailing Indian military successes, such as attacks on a Pakistani nuclear base and the Karachi port, proved to be entirely false.

The Role of Mainstream Media

The article criticizes mainstream media outlets for contributing to the spread of disinformation. The competitive nature of news reporting, coupled with a nationalistic fervor, led to the broadcasting of unverified and even fabricated stories. Well-known TV networks were implicated in this behavior.

Impact and Analysis

The spread of misinformation was not limited to social media. The involvement of previously credible journalists and major news outlets is noted as a significant issue, eroding public trust. The scale of the problem is emphasized, particularly in comparison to previous conflicts.

  • Specific false reports included Indian attacks on a Pakistani nuclear base (resulting in alleged radiation leaks) and the Indian Navy attacking Karachi.
  • The article quotes Sumitra Badrinathan, who highlights the severity of previously trusted sources becoming outlets for disinformation.
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The news reports chronicled India’s overwhelming successes: Indian attacks had struck a Pakistani nuclear base, downed two Pakistani fighter jets and blasted part of Pakistan’s Karachi port, the country’s oil and trade lifeline.

Each piece of information was highly specific, but none of it was true.

Disinformation on social media in the days during and since India and Pakistan’s intense military confrontation last week has been overwhelming. Sifting fact from fiction has been nearly impossible on both sides of the border because of the sheer volume of falsehoods, half-truths, memes, misleading video footage and speeches manipulated by artificial intelligence.

But some of that flood also made its way into the mainstream media, a development that alarmed analysts monitoring the evolution of outlets in India once trusted for their independence. The race to break news and a jingoistic approach to reporting reached a fever pitch during the four-day conflict, as anchors and commentators became cheerleaders for war between two nuclear-armed states. Some well-known TV networks aired unverified information or even fabricated stories amid the burst of nationalistic fervor.

And news outlets reported on a supposed strike on a Pakistani nuclear base that was rumored to have caused radiation leaks. They shared detailed maps that purported to show where the strikes had been. But there was no evidence to uphold these claims. The story of the Indian Navy attacking Karachi was also widely circulated. It has since been discredited.

“When we think of misinformation, we think of anonymous people, of bots online, where you never know what the source of the thing is,” said Sumitra Badrinathan, an assistant professor of political science at American University who studies misinformation in South Asia. Social media platforms were also rife with misinformation during India’s 2019 conflict with Pakistan, but what was notable this time, Dr. Badrinathan said, was that “previously credible journalists and major media news outlets ran straight-up fabricated stories.”

“When previously trusted sources become disinformation outlets, it’s a really large problem,” she said.

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