The Cass review, a landmark study of gender medicine in Britain, highlighted the remarkably weak scientific evidence supporting the use of puberty blockers and cross-sex hormones in teenagers as part of “gender-affirming care.”
The lack of robust scientific backing for these treatments has raised significant ethical concerns, making transgender medicine a highly contentious issue.
The review's findings have ignited a debate on the appropriate approach to providing healthcare to transgender youth and underscore the need for stronger evidence-based practices in gender-affirming care.
ONE REASON that transgender medicine is such a fraught topic is that there is little evidence behind the arguments. When Hilary Cass, a British paediatrician, reviewed the field for an influential report published in 2024, she noted that most of the science underlying the prescription of puberty blockers and cross-sex hormones to teenagers (an approach called “gender-affirming care”) was “remarkably weak”.
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